This section outlines three case studies illustrating some of the harmonisation concepts described on the general data harmonisation page.

The first example is from the InterConnect consortium, which has used existing data from different study cohorts across the world to study the relationship between physical activity during pregnancy and anthropometry outcomes in the offspring.

The second example is a comparison of three different harmonisation algorithms derived from direct validation between self-reported and device-based physical activity to study the association between physical and diabetes.

The third example illustrates the principle of network harmonisation using validation data which are not directly linked between the data to be harmonised and criterion data but indirectly linked through other data sources.